FAQ: Frequently Asked Questions About HPLC Safety, Solvent Supply and Waste Disposal

An eluent is the solvent or solvent mixture used as the mobile phase in HPLC. It transports the sample through the chromatographic column and has a significant influence on the separation of the individual substances.

Typical components of mobile phases include water, acetonitrile, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, buffer solutions, formic acid and acetic acid.

The associated hazards and material requirements depend on the complete composition, concentration and specific application.

Solvent vapors are generated when volatile solvents from bottles, tubing, containers or open collection vessels enter the gas phase.

Vapor generation is influenced by factors including vapor pressure, temperature, the size of the exposed surface, air movement and the duration of exposure.

Depending on the substance, solvent vapors may irritate the eyes and respiratory tract, be harmful or toxic, and cause headaches or dizziness.

Many HPLC solvents are also flammable or highly flammable. The specific hazards and required protective measures are stated in the relevant safety data sheet.

Controlled closed systems reduce the uncontrolled release of solvent vapors and minimize evaporation losses.

They support occupational safety, organized tubing management and chromatographic conditions that remain as consistent as possible.

On the supply side, the eluent is transferred from a laboratory bottle to the HPLC pump.

On the waste side, the HPLC waste generated by the analytical instrument is collected in a suitable waste container.

A Safety Cap is installed on the solvent bottle and is used for the controlled closed supply of HPLC solvents.

A Safety Waste Cap is installed on the waste container and is used for the closed collection and disposal of HPLC waste.

Safe operation does not depend solely on an individual cap, filter or container.

What matters is the coordinated interaction between the container, thread, cap, tubing, fittings, blind plugs, valves, filters, sensors and the laboratory's operating procedures.

An HPLC Safety Cap is a safety closure for solvent bottles.

It seals the bottle opening, guides supply tubing through the closure in a controlled manner, and accommodates fittings, blind plugs and an air valve.

A complete system consists of:

• solvent bottle
• HPLC Safety Cap with a media-contacting core
• supply tubing
• suitable fittings
• blind plugs
• air valve
• inlet filters
• clear identification of the solvent lines

Only when these components are technically coordinated can the solvent supply operate as a controlled closed and reproducible system.

The solvent bottle is largely closed against uncontrolled exchange of air and vapors.

When the HPLC system draws solvent, the air valve allows filtered ambient air to flow into the bottle as required. Once the pressure has equalized, the valve closes again.

An HPLC Safety Cap reduces solvent vapors and evaporation losses.

It also protects the solvent from airborne particles and supports organized, safe and reproducible tubing management.

Contamination or evaporation-related changes in the mobile phase can affect chromatographic results.

Possible consequences include altered retention times, unstable baselines, additional peaks and reduced reproducibility. A Safety Cap does not purify the solvent, but it helps preserve its prepared quality and composition as effectively as possible.

Important selection criteria include:

• analytical or preparative application
• isocratic or gradient method
• number of solvent bottles
• bottle material and bottle thread
• number of supply tubes
• tubing outer and inner diameter
• required flow rate
• solvents and additives used
• PFAS sensitivity of the application
• possible future expansions

The application determines the Safety Cap configuration, not the other way around.

Further information: HPLC Safety Caps for different bottle threads

Analytical applications frequently use tubing with outer diameters of 1.6 mm, 2.3 mm or 3.2 mm.

Preparative applications operate at higher flow rates and may require larger tubing, for example with outer diameters of 4.0 mm, 4.76 mm or 6.35 mm.

Tubing, fittings, inlet filters and the air valve must be suitable for the required flow rate.

An isocratic method uses a single solvent or a constant solvent mixture.

A gradient method uses two or more solvents from separate bottles. The individual solvent lines should be clearly identified as A, B, C or D.

The size depends on the maximum number of supply tubes required.

Typical versions include:

• Safety Cap I: one connection
• Safety Cap II: two connections
• Safety Cap III: three connections
• Safety Cap IV: four connections
• Safety Cap VI: six connections

Unused connections must be sealed with suitable blind plugs.

For analytical Safety Caps, SCAT supplies fittings for the common tubing outer diameters of 1.6 mm, 2.3 mm and 3.2 mm for each tubing connection.

This allows the appropriate fitting to be selected during installation. The Safety Cap does not have to be specified for a single tubing size when it is ordered.

Blind plugs seal unused connections.

An open connection can lead to uncontrolled air exchange, vapor emissions or the ingress of contaminants. All unused connections must therefore be sealed completely.

The media-contacting core is mounted so that it can rotate freely within the screw cap.

When the cap is screwed on or removed, the outer cap body rotates while the core and tubing largely remain in position. This prevents the tubing from being twisted, kinked or subjected to unnecessary mechanical stress.

One-liter laboratory bottles made of borosilicate glass with a GL 45 thread are commonly used.

Depending on the application, other bottle volumes, plastic bottles, stainless steel containers or special-purpose bottles may also be suitable. The material, thread, bottle volume and installation conditions must be appropriate for the application.

For reliable thread identification, the following characteristics should be checked:

• outer diameter
• minor diameter
• thread pitch
• thread length
• thread profile
• manufacturer and container specifications

The outer diameter and minor diameter should preferably be measured using a caliper.

Further information: SCAT thread identification guide

Threads with similar outer diameters may have different pitches, minor diameters, thread lengths or thread profiles.

Descriptions such as “45 mm thread” or “one-liter bottle” are therefore not sufficient to select the correct Safety Cap unambiguously.

Commonly confused threads include, for example:

• GL 32 and S 32
• GL 45 and S 45
• S 50 and S 51
• GPI 38-400 and GPI 38-430

In some cases, a cap may appear to screw onto a bottle even though the thread is not technically compatible.

Further information: Thread chart for laboratory bottles

Only a compatible threaded connection ensures that the Safety Cap can be installed straight and completely and that the seal rests evenly on the bottle opening.

An incorrect thread can result in leaks, mechanical stress and damage to the bottle or Safety Cap.

The Safety Cap must not be installed using excessive force.

The thread type, thread pitch, seal and condition of the bottle must be checked again. Resistance when screwing on the cap may indicate an incorrect or damaged thread.

Further information: Thread adapters for laboratory bottles

A Safety Cap with a matching GL 45 internal thread is required for a GL 45 bottle.

The number of tubing connections, tubing diameters, air valve, type of application and, where applicable, requirements for PFAS-sensitive analyses must also be taken into account.

Further information: HPLC Safety Caps for GL 45 bottles

The height of the Safety Cap and air valve, the lateral space required for the tubing and accessibility when changing bottles must all be checked.

The tubing must be routed without kinks and with minimal mechanical stress. A compatible threaded connection alone is therefore not sufficient.

PTFE offers exceptionally broad chemical resistance to numerous HPLC solvents, acids and bases.

The material is chemically inert and has proven itself as the standard material for conventional HPLC applications.

Further information: Conventional HPLC Safety Caps with PTFE Core

For PFAS-sensitive applications and intentionally fluorine-free flow paths, SCAT offers Safety Caps with a PEEK core.

PEEK is a fluorine-free high-performance polymer with excellent mechanical stability and is suitable for many common HPLC eluents. However, its chemical compatibility must always be verified for the specific application.

Further information: PFAS-Sensitive HPLC Solvent Supply with PEEK Core

PP cores were previously used as an interim solution until a suitable PEEK core became available.

Today, the PEEK core provides a chemically and mechanically superior solution for PFAS-sensitive applications. For this reason, SCAT no longer offers Safety Caps with PP cores.

A typical GreenLine configuration consists of:

• a suitable non-fluorinated HDPE bottle
• Safety Cap with a PEEK core
• PEEK tubing
• PE fittings
• PE blind plugs
• GreenLine air valve
• UHMW-PE inlet filter

A single PEEK component does not constitute a fully coordinated PFAS-sensitive solvent supply system. The suitability of the complete system should be verified using blanks or system blank measurements.

Further information: Fluorine-Free GreenLine HPLC Solvent Supply; PFAS-Sensitive HPLC Solvent Supply Kits

Glass surfaces can adsorb PFAS compounds that are already present and release them again under changing conditions.

This may affect recovery and reproducibility at trace levels. A suitable non-fluorinated HDPE bottle supports a fluorine-free flow path and helps reduce adsorption effects associated with glass.

No.

Manufacturing, packaging, cleaning, previous use and handling can also contribute to background signals. Therefore, the entire flow path must be considered and verified using appropriate blanks or system blank measurements.

No. Both materials meet different requirements.

PTFE is the proven standard for conventional HPLC applications and offers exceptionally broad chemical resistance. PEEK is the preferred choice when fluorinated materials should be avoided or when greater mechanical strength is required.

PEEK is suitable for many common HPLC eluents.

However, its chemical compatibility should be verified for strongly oxidizing, unusually aggressive or highly concentrated acidic media, as well as for elevated temperatures or prolonged exposure times.

Although PE is resistant to many chemicals, it does not provide the same broad chemical safety margin as PTFE when used as the permanently media-contacting core of a Safety Cap.

This assessment must not be generalized to other PE components. PE fittings, PE blind plugs and HDPE bottles serve different functions and should be evaluated according to their specific application.

PPS offers excellent chemical and thermal resistance, low water absorption and outstanding dimensional stability.

These properties ensure a mechanically stable and durable connection to the solvent bottle.

The outer diameter determines which fitting can mechanically secure and seal the tubing.

The inner diameter influences flow resistance, internal volume, flushing time and the possible flow rate.

For analytical applications, fittings are available for tubing outer diameters of 1.6 mm, 2.3 mm and 3.2 mm.

Depending on the design, connections for outer diameters of 4.0 mm, 4.76 mm and 6.35 mm are also available for preparative applications.

Further information: HPLC Tubing and Fittings

The color coding makes it easier to identify the fittings:

• Green: 1.6 mm
• Purple: 2.3 mm
• Blue: 3.2 mm

However, the color coding does not replace verification of the actual tubing outer diameter.

The fitting is the threaded fastening component.

The ferrule is the sealing element that is pressed against the tubing and sealing surface when the fitting is tightened. In many SCAT fittings, the ferrule is already integrated.

The tubing should be as short as technically practical and as long as necessary for safe handling.

Tubing that is too short creates tensile stress. Unnecessarily long tubing increases the internal volume and extends flushing and solvent changeover processes.

Installation is carried out in the following steps:

1. Determine the tubing outer diameter.

2. Select the appropriate fitting.

3. Guide the tubing through the fitting and Safety Cap.

4. Install the inlet filter.

5. Adjust the insertion depth.

6. Secure the tubing with the fitting.

7. Seal unused connections with blind plugs.

8. Insert the air valve.

9. Screw the Safety Cap onto the solvent bottle.

10. Fill and vent the line, then prime the pump according to the manufacturer's instructions.

Air in the supply tubing or inlet filter can cause air bubbles, delivery problems and fluctuating flow rates.

After initial installation and after replacing tubing or a filter, the inlet filter and line must be fully wetted and vented.

Common causes include:

• solvent level too low
• inlet filter not fully immersed
• contaminated or clogged filter
• kinked or crushed tubing
• incorrect or damaged fitting
• open connection
• restricted air valve
• insufficient venting

The cause should be checked systematically before any components are replaced.

First, check the solvent level, filter position, tubing, fittings, blind plugs and air valve.

The line must then be vented and the pump primed according to the manufacturer's instructions.

Tubing, fittings, blind plugs, inlet filters, the air valve, labeling and all connections should be inspected regularly.

Air valves have a preventive replacement interval of six months. Other components should be replaced if they are damaged, contaminated, deformed or no longer function correctly.

The air valve provides pressure equalization inside the solvent bottle.

When negative pressure occurs, it allows filtered ambient air to enter while limiting the uncontrolled release of solvent vapors.

Further information: Air Valves for HPLC Solvent Bottles

The air valve contains a filter membrane and a check valve, also known as a duckbill valve.

The filter membrane retains particles from the ambient air. When negative pressure develops, the valve opens toward the inside of the bottle and closes again once the pressure has equalized.

The permanent connection between the lower housing and the cover reduces potential points of uncontrolled air ingress.

The incoming air should pass exclusively through the intended path via the filter membrane and valve.

The standard air valve features a PTFE filter membrane and is intended for conventional analytical and preparative HPLC applications.

The GreenLine air valve uses a fluorine-free filter membrane and forms part of a coordinated PFAS-sensitive solvent supply system.

SCAT air valves use a thread designated UNF 1/4" 28G.

The valve is screwed into the designated connection of a compatible Safety Cap.

The Luer Lock connection enables special applications, including:

• purging the solvent with gas
• protecting oxidation-sensitive solvents
• connecting a drying tube
• reducing moisture ingress

Suitability depends on the application, the medium and the applicable operating requirements.

During operation, the filter membrane and valve are exposed to ambient particles, solvent vapors and repeated pressure equalization cycles.

Because the opening pressure, airflow and retention performance cannot be reliably verified in the laboratory, the valve is replaced preventively after six months.

The inlet filter is located at the lower end of the solvent supply tubing.

It retains particles, precipitates and solid contaminants before they enter the tubing and the HPLC system.

Further information: Inlet Filters for HPLC Solvent Bottles

The air valve filters the ambient air flowing into the bottle.

The inlet filter filters the liquid solvent before it enters the solvent supply tubing.

For conventional applications, an inlet filter made of PFA/PTFE with a pore size of 5 µm is available.

For PFAS-sensitive systems, a fluorine-free version made of UHMW-PE with a pore size of 20 µm is used. The different pore size must be taken into account during system design and pump priming.

No.

A smaller pore size retains finer particles but may increase flow resistance and become clogged more quickly. Filter area, filter geometry, viscosity and flow rate must therefore be considered together.

Replacement is required in the event of:

• visible deposits
• discoloration
• damage
• restricted flow
• recurring air bubbles
• unusual suction behavior
• insufficient retention on the tubing

There is no universally applicable replacement interval for inlet filters based solely on time.

A Safety Waste Cap is a safety closure for HPLC waste containers.

It accommodates waste tubing or hoses, seals the container and allows an exhaust filter to be connected.

Further information: Safety Waste Caps for HPLC Waste

A closed HPLC waste disposal system reduces the uncontrolled release of solvent vapors and directs liquid waste into a sealed collection container.

However, it does not replace a risk assessment or any required fire and explosion protection measures.

Yes, provided that sufficient connections are available and the container volume, maximum inflow rate, fill-level monitoring and disposal concept are designed accordingly.

The total waste volume generated by all connected systems must be considered.

The Safety Waste Cap must match the thread of the waste container.

The seal, number and type of connections, tubing and hose diameters, blind plugs, filter connection and options for future expansion must also be considered.

Further information: HPLC Waste Disposal Systems and Safety Waste Caps

Typical tubing connections are designed for outer diameters of 1.6 mm, 2.3 mm or 3.2 mm.

For larger smooth hoses or corrugated hoses, hose barbs or special hose connections may be required. All components must fit together securely, mechanically and without leaks.

Open connections compromise the closed waste disposal system and may result in vapor emissions or liquid leakage.

All unused connections must therefore be sealed with suitable blind plugs.

LISA has a modular design and can be expanded or reconfigured when requirements change.

In practice, LISA is primarily used as a Safety Waste Cap. Technically, it can also be configured for HPLC solvent supply. For this purpose, the GL14 connection for the exhaust filter is sealed with a blind plug and an air valve is installed instead of a fitting.

This solvent supply application is technically possible but is only rarely used in practice.

Further information: LISA Safety Waste Cap System

An activated carbon exhaust filter adsorbs solvent vapors from the headspace of the collection container.

This reduces contamination of the laboratory air caused by uncontrolled solvent vapor emissions.

Further information: Activated Carbon Exhaust Filters for HPLC Waste

The three-layer activated carbon system is designed for different volatile components.

It adsorbs:

• organic solvent vapors
• volatile acidic components
• volatile basic components

Non-volatile buffer salts do not enter the exhaust filter in vapor form.

The following recommended replacement intervals apply to SCAT standard HPLC exhaust filters:

• S filter: 3 months
• M filter: 6 months
• L filter: 12 months

Particularly high vapor exposure may require earlier replacement. These periods are preventive replacement intervals and do not constitute a measurement-based indication of actual filter saturation.

A Timestrip indicates the passage of a predefined period.

It does not measure the chemical load or saturation of the exhaust filter, but only the time elapsed since activation.

At SCAT, red identifies components that are relevant for maintenance and replacement.

This makes visual inspections easier and supports timely maintenance and scheduled replacement.

The PE prefilter prevents ash content from the activated carbon, activated carbon particles or carbon dust from entering the collection container.

This keeps loose activated carbon components securely inside the filter housing.

The CTC value is a standardized parameter used to describe the adsorption activity of activated carbon in the gas phase.

The specific surface area describes the internal and external surface area determined by gas adsorption. The special activated carbon used by SCAT achieves a specific surface area of up to 1,500 m²/g in accordance with DIN ISO 9277.

Both values help characterize the activated carbon but do not allow the exact service life to be predicted for every solvent.

SCAT HPLC exhaust filters generally have a GL14 external thread.

Compatible Safety Waste Caps have a GL14 internal thread. Exhaust filters with additional connection threads are available for drums and larger collection containers.

Further information: HPLC Exhaust Filters

HDPE containers are used for many typical HPLC waste mixtures.

However, suitability always depends on the specific waste mixture, collection and storage period, container volume, disposal route and applicable safety requirements.

Further information: HPLC Waste Containers

The waste profile describes the type and composition of the solvents and additives, their flammability and volatility, and the amount of waste generated.

Without this information, the container material, volume and safety concept cannot be selected reliably.

The waste volume should be calculated for a defined period, for example per hour, day, week or disposal cycle.

Peak volumes, HPLC systems operating in parallel, and overnight and weekend operation must also be taken into account.

Before selecting a container, it must be established whether the filled container will be transferred as a complete waste package or emptied internally into a larger collection container.

This affects the container type, reuse, labeling, transport, temporary storage and required safety measures.

HDPE is the standard material for many types of HPLC waste.

Depending on the application, the following options may be suitable:

• HDPE for many typical HPLC waste mixtures
• conductive HDPE-EL where electrical conductivity is required
• fluorinated HDPE where enhanced barrier properties are required
• PP for selected chemical applications

Chemical compatibility must always be verified against the specific waste mixture.

Further information: HPLC Waste Containers; Conductive HDPE-EL Containers

HDPE is used for many methanol-containing HPLC waste mixtures.

However, suitability must still be verified for the specific mixture, taking into account the concentration, temperature, contact time and storage period.

HDPE may be suitable for many acetonitrile-containing HPLC waste mixtures.

For longer collection or storage periods, permeation, odor emissions and potential weight loss should also be assessed.

Fluorinated HDPE containers offer improved barrier properties.

For solvents where permeation is a concern, or during longer collection and storage periods, they can reduce permeation, odor emissions and weight loss through the container wall.

Fluorinated containers are intended for the waste disposal side. They are not designed for PFAS-sensitive solvent supply systems.

Further information: Fluorinated HPLC Waste Containers

HDPE-EL should be considered when electrostatic charging may be relevant to safety.

Whether a conductive container is required depends on the waste mixture, container size, installation location, handling method and the operational risk assessment.

Further information: Conductive HDPE-EL Containers

Electrical conductivity is achieved by adding conductive additives to the plastic.

As a result, HDPE-EL containers are usually black and the fill level cannot be seen from the outside. Suitable fill-level monitoring is therefore particularly important.

Further information: HDPE-EL Containers with Fill-Level Monitoring

The container size must match the amount of waste generated and the intended replacement frequency.

In many HPLC laboratories, 5- or 10-liter containers are practical. Larger containers provide more collection capacity but become heavier, require more space and place greater demands on handling.

Depending on the liquid and the empty weight of the container, a filled 20-liter container can weigh considerably more than 20 kg.

This makes lifting, carrying and transport more difficult. Handle design, transport carts, the transport route and, where necessary, two-person handling must be taken into account.

The container must remain stable even with the Safety Waste Cap, exhaust filter and connected lines installed.

Forces from hoses, a tall filter assembly or a narrow container geometry must not cause the container to tip over. Support feet or brackets may be useful for space-saving containers.

This depends on the container type, condition of the material, contamination, cleaning, labeling and operational requirements.

Reuse may be appropriate for high-quality specialized containers. However, it must form part of a defined cleaning, disposal and safety concept.

Fill-level monitoring is particularly important when the container is not clearly visible, is positioned beneath the laboratory bench or inside a safety cabinet, has multiple HPLC systems connected to it, or is used during unattended operation.

It helps prevent overfilling, backflow and leaks.

Further information: Fill-Level Monitoring for Laboratory Containers

Possible solutions include:

• visual inspection
• mechanical float
• electronic sensor
• capacitive sensor
• sensor with signal box

The appropriate solution depends on the container, installation location, visibility and required level of safety.

Further information: Sensors and Signal Boxes for Fill-Level Monitoring

With black HDPE-EL containers, concealed installation or unattended operation, the fill level cannot be assessed reliably by visual inspection.

In these cases, mechanical or electronic fill-level monitoring is recommended.

If the waste can no longer flow freely into the container, liquid backs up in the waste lines.

In an unfavorable situation, this may cause liquid to flow back toward the HPLC system or damage connected components.

A spill tray collects liquid in the event of overfilling, loss of containment or leakage.

This prevents flammable, hazardous or strong-smelling solvent waste from entering the laboratory area uncontrollably.

Further information: Spill Trays for Laboratory Containers

A leak sensor detects escaping liquid inside a spill tray at an early stage.

When combined with a signal box, it can trigger a visual or audible alarm. Depending on the system configuration, additional functions may also be activated.

Further information: Leak Sensors for Spill Trays

During overnight or weekend operation, the waste volume, container capacity, replacement frequency and fill-level monitoring must be coordinated so that the container does not become full during the unattended period.

Backflow and leakage risks must also be taken into account.

The replacement frequency depends on the amount of waste generated, container capacity and operating conditions.

The container must always be replaced or emptied before the maximum permissible fill level is reached. A sufficient safety margin must be allowed for unattended operating periods.

HDPE-EL is electrically conductive high-density polyethylene.

It is used for containers, collection vessels, Safety Waste Caps and safety funnels, among other applications, when electrostatic charges must be dissipated in a controlled manner.

Further information: Conductive Waste Disposal Systems for HPLC Waste

A conductive material can dissipate electrostatic charges safely only if there is a conductive connection to ground or to a suitable equipotential bonding system.

Without this connection, even a conductive container can become electrostatically charged.

TRGS 727 describes measures for preventing ignition hazards caused by electrostatic charging.

For certain applications involving insulating containers in potentially explosive atmospheres, it specifies volume limits and protective measures. The requirements applicable to a specific laboratory must be assessed as part of the risk assessment.

No.

The decision depends on factors including the waste mixture, container size, installation location, handling method, the possible presence of an explosive atmosphere and the operational risk assessment.

No.

Depending on the application, the Safety Waste Cap, lines, funnels, grounding, equipotential bonding, ventilation, installation location and organizational measures must also be considered.

UN approval is relevant when the filled container is transported as dangerous goods or transferred into a corresponding disposal process.

Whether it is required depends on the specific waste mixture, the transport route and the requirements of the waste disposal company.

The UN marking indicates that the packaging design type has been tested in accordance with dangerous goods regulations.

It includes information such as:

• type of packaging
• material
• permitted packing group
• maximum relative density
• test pressure
• year of manufacture
• approval authority

The complete marking must always be assessed as a whole.

The code 3H1 identifies a plastic jerrican with a non-removable head or non-removable lid.

The code describes only one part of the complete UN marking. The additional information must also be considered in the assessment.

No.

The specific waste mixture must be compatible with the complete UN approval and marking of the container. Factors to be checked include the dangerous goods class, packing group, density, vapor pressure and chemical compatibility.

No.

In addition, the closure, labeling, mode of transport, quantity provisions, documentation and other requirements of the applicable dangerous goods regulations must be met.

Safety Solutions comprise decentralized products and systems used directly on individual laboratory instruments, such as Safety Caps, Safety Waste Caps, containers, exhaust filters and fill-level monitoring systems.

SymLine is a modular piping and waste disposal system for the centralized collection of solvent waste from multiple HPLC systems or laboratory areas.

Further information: SymLine Piping and Waste Disposal System

A quick coupling allows lines to be connected and disconnected quickly without tools.

Depending on the design, both coupling halves close automatically when disconnected, reducing liquid leakage and dripping.

Further information: Quick Couplings for Laboratory Applications

The ball valve automatically closes the filling opening after filling.

The hinged lid additionally covers the filling area and reduces evaporation of residual liquid. Both features complement each other.

Further information: ARNOLD Safety Funnel

Yes. In addition to its standard product range, SCAT develops customized solutions.

These include, for example:

• Safety Caps for special thread sizes
• custom connection configurations
• custom container solutions
• specialized waste disposal systems
• piping systems
• custom assemblies

Technical feasibility depends on the media used, the container type and the specific operating conditions.

Further information: Custom Laboratory Solutions and Special Designs

SCAT focuses on durable, modular and replaceable components.

This includes expandable product systems, replaceable filters and wear parts, as well as spare components for existing systems. Controlled closed solvent supply systems can also reduce solvent evaporation losses and help extend the service life of existing system components.